Câu hỏi trong phỏng vấn senior developer PHP (P2)

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3. Câu hỏi về Achitecture

1. Explain the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architectural pattern and how it is applied in PHP frameworks like Laravel.
2. What is microservices architecture, and how does it differ from monolithic architecture? Can you provide an example of when you would choose one over the other?
3. Discuss the benefits and challenges of building RESTful APIs in PHP. How can you design a RESTful API that is scalable and follows best practices?
4. Explain the concept of serverless architecture and how it can be implemented in PHP applications. What are the advantages of serverless computing?
5. What is the role of a reverse proxy server, such as Nginx or Apache, in a PHP application's architecture? How can it improve performance and security?
6. Describe the concept of containerization using Docker in PHP development. How does containerization benefit the development and deployment process?
7. What is event-driven architecture, and how can PHP applications benefit from it? Provide an example of when you would use an event-driven approach.
8. Discuss the principles of Domain-Driven Design (DDD) and how they can be applied in PHP projects. What is the significance of domain modeling in DDD?
9. Explain the concept of a message queue and how it can be used to decouple components in a PHP application's architecture. What are common use cases for message queues?
10. What is the Hexagonal (Ports and Adapters) architecture, and how does it promote testability and flexibility in PHP applications? Provide an example of its implementation.
11. Describe the role of a load balancer in a high-traffic PHP application's architecture. How does load balancing improve scalability and availability?
12. Explain the differences between synchronous and asynchronous communication in distributed systems. When would you choose one over the other in a PHP-based microservices architecture?
13. What is the purpose of a caching layer in an application's architecture? How can you implement caching effectively in PHP to improve performance?
14. Discuss the concept of a service-oriented architecture (SOA) and its relevance in modern PHP development. How can you design loosely coupled services in SOA?
15. Explain the role of a Content Delivery Network (CDN) in web application architecture. How does it improve the speed and availability of PHP-based websites?
16. What is design patterns in PHP? Can you provide examples of common design patterns and when you would use them?

4. Câu hỏi về DevOps

Những câu hỏi này theo mình là phần phụ nhưng cũng rất quan trọng trong quá trình phỏng vấn, vì công việc của một senior developer không chỉ là code mà còn là quản lý hệ thống, quản lý dự án, quản lý nhóm và quản lý quy trình phát triển phần mềm.

1. What is the difference between continuous integration (CI) and continuous delivery (CD)? How do you implement CI/CD in PHP projects?
2. Describe the process of deploying a PHP application to a production server. What tools and techniques do you use for deployment?
3. How do you manage configuration in PHP applications? What tools and techniques do you use for configuration management?
4. What is the role of a container orchestration tool like Kubernetes in PHP application deployment? How does it improve scalability and availability?